In order to load the data into the SAP system we have many techniques in use which will get the job done. Majorly we have three techniques through which you can get the data transfer done. These are Batch Input, Direct Input and BAPI’s.

1. Batch Input , also known as Batch Data Communication (BDC) : This approach is used extensively in ABAP programming and remains a popular choice when no other method exists. The online transaction processes is simulated and the data transfer is done exactly as it is done online. A batch input session is created using SHDB containing all of the data and screens and then processed. Well, if you make any changes to the screen then you will have add these screens in the program or else the BDC will fail.

2. Direct Input : The data in the input file is transferred directly to the SAP database. No screens are involved. This methods used function modules to accomplish the task. Well, not everything can be accomplished through this method.

3. BAPI’s (Business Application Programming Interface) : These are standard API’s that provide external access to SAP Objects. That does not mean you cannot run these inside SAP. You can still use them inside SAP too. BAPI’s are defined in the Business Object Repository as methods of SAP Objects.